dementia – Beyond Psychiatry

GROUP THERAY

Dementia is a general term for a decline in cognitive function severe enough to interfere with daily life. It affects memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgment. While dementia predominantly affects older adults, it is not a normal part of aging.

Types of Dementia

Alzheimer's Disease

The most common type, characterized by plaques and tangles in the brain.

Vascular Dementia

Caused by conditions that block or reduce blood flow to the brain, leading to stroke or damage.

Lewy Body Dementia

Associated with abnormal protein deposits called Lewy bodies in the brain.

Frontotemporal Dementia

Involves degeneration of nerve cells in the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain.

Mixed Dementia

A combination of two or more types of dementia.

THERAPY PROCESS

Treatment

While there is no cure for most types of dementia, various treatments can help manage symptoms:

Medications:
- Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Such as donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine for Alzheimer’s disease.
- Memantine: Used to treat moderate to severe Alzheimer’s.
- Other Medications: To manage symptoms like depression, agitation, and sleep disturbances.
Therapies:
- Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST): Engages people with dementia in activities and exercises.
- Occupational Therapy: Helps with performing daily tasks and maintaining independence.
- Behavioral Therapy: Addresses behavior changes.
Lifestyle and Home Remedies:
- Healthy Diet: Promotes brain health with balanced nutrition.
- Regular Exercise: Improves mood and overall health.
- Mental Stimulation: Activities that challenge the brain.
- Structured Routine: Helps manage daily tasks and reduces confusion.